The end of golden nationality Analysis of the Judgment of the High Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) on the Malta citizenship program for investors. Case C-181/23 of 29 April 2025

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Mónica Moreno Fernández-Santa Cruz

Abstract

The Court of Justice of the European Union, in its judgment of April 29, 2025, ruled on the controversial granting of citizenship or nationality of a Member State as compensation for certain investments. Beyond the dangers that these golden passports may entail, it highlights interesting aspects of European law, because the judgment refers to a domestic constitutional legal issue: the acquisition of nationality, which falls within the sovereignty of each Member State, although it also affects European citizenship.

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Keywords

Nationality, citizenship, European Union, sovereignty, investors, Golden Visa, golden passport, loyal cooperation, effective bond, primacy

How to Cite

The end of golden nationality: Analysis of the Judgment of the High Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) on the Malta citizenship program for investors. Case C-181/23 of 29 April 2025. (2025). Journal of the Cortes Generales, 119, 365-380. https://doi.org/10.33426/rcg/2025/119/1870

Section

European case law with commentaries

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